Tareas

THE MERCATOR’S PROJECTION
The Mercator projection is a cylindrical map projection presented by the Flemish geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator in 1569. It became the standard mapprojection for nautical purposes because of its ability to represent lines of constant course, known as humb lines or loxodromes, as straight segments which conserve the angles with the meridians.While the linear scale is equal in all directions around any point, thus preserving the angles and the shapes of small objects (which makes the projection conformal), the Mercator projection distortsthe size and shape of large objects, as the scale increases from the Equator to the poles, where it becomes infinite.
GALL-PETER’S PROJECTON
The Gall–Peters projection, named after JamesGall and Arno Peters, is one specialization of a configurable equal-area map projection known as the equal-area cylindric or cylindrical equal-area projection.
The Gall–Peters achieved considerablenotoriety in the late 20th century as the centerpiece of a controversy surrounding the political implications of map design.
Maps based on the projection continue to see use in some circles.ROBINSON’S PROJECTION
The Robinson projection is a map projection of a world map, which shows the entire world at once. It was specifically created in an attempt to find a good compromise to the problem ofreadily showing the whole globe as a flat image.[1]
The Robinson projection was devised by Arthur H. Robinson in 1963 in response to an appeal from the Rand McNally company, which has used theprojection in general purpose world maps since that time. Robinson published details of the projection's construction in 1974. The National Geographic Society (NGS) began using the Robinsonprojection for general purpose world maps in 1988, replacing the Van der Grinten projection.[2] In 1998 NGS abandoned the Robinson projection in favor of the Winkel triple projection for that use.