Tema 1 oposiciones inglés

TEMA 1
LA LENGUA COMO COMUNICACIÓN: LENGUAJE ORAL Y LENGUAJE ESCRITO. FACTORES QUE DEFINEN UNA SITUACIÓN COMUNICATIVA: EMISOR, RECEPTOR, FUNCIONALIDAD y CONTEXTO
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION: COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE.
2. LANGUAGE AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION:
A.- Basic concepts in language
B.- study: I. Naturaland artificial language
II. The linguistic sign: referent, signifier and signified; Saussure.
III. Competence vs. performance; Chomsky.
IV. Theories of language.
3.. LANGUAGE AS COMMUNICATION AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS:
A Communicating vs. informing.
B Characteristics of language.
4.. SPEECH VS. WRITING:
A.- Past and present approaches tothe study of speech and writing.
B.- Speech:
I. Characteristics.
II. In the classroom: general methodological principles.
C.- Writing:
I. Characteristics.
II. In the classroom: general methodological principles.
5.. .COMMUNICATING:
a. The act of communication: components.
b. Functions of language; Jackobson, Halliday.
c. Thecontexts of language: psychological, linguistic, physical and pictorial context
d. Halliday's field, mode and tenor.
6…CONCLUSION.

1.- INTRODUCTION

Communication is understood as the exchange and negotiation of information between at least two individuals or organisms through the use of verbal and/or non-verbal symbols, oral and written/visual modes, and production and comprehensionprocesses.
This topic, however, will focus on just one of the possible means of communication: language, which makes possible the exchange of thoughts, needs and emotions in the form of words, either oral or written.
We will use the term language for both domains: speech and writing, thus making a distinction between the spoken and the written language.
Modern approaches in Foreign Language Teachingstart from a theory of language as communication.
Besides, as it is specified in the Spanish educational law, the aim in language teaching is getting the students to speak and write in real contexts in the foreign language. This is why the topic of what communication is seems especially relevant to tackle for future foreign language teachers.
Before beginning to develop this topic, it’simportant to clarify some points in order to establish a clearer picture.

In first place, I will point out the connexion of this topic with other topics. Evidently, topic nº 1 is closely related to the group of topics which refer to Communications in a foreign language such as 2,3,7,8.
Next, it’s important to show the relevance of this topic within the current educational system, organiclaw 2/2006 3rd may of education, where it’s stated that students will be given an opportunity to develop and acquire linguistic competences in at least one foreign language. They should be able to express simple ideas and to communicate and understand simple messages and also they should be able to make themselves understood in normal daily situations.
These ideas are also included in decree22/2007 10th may which is established the curriculo of primary education for the community of Madrid. Also RD 1513/2006 December which establishes the minimum requirements of primary education at national level underlines that one of the aims of the English area is to show open attitudes towards another language, its speakers and its culture.

In this essay I’m going to firstly explain language ascommunication and it´s characteristics where I will deal Saussure's theory , secondly I will develop writing and speech language and to finish I will explain communication theory, a brief conclusion and the bibliography.

2.- LANGUAGE AS A MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
BASIC CONCEPTS IN LANGUAGE STUDY

Different authors have different definitions of language. Some examples are the following:...