Nias Vigenter

2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
The 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tōhoku (東北地方太平洋沖地震 Tōhoku-chihō Taiheiyō Oki Jishin?), often referred to in Japan as Higashi nihondaishin-sai (東日本大震災?)[7] and also known as the 2011 Tohoku earthquake,[8] the Great East Japan Earthquake,[9][10][fn 1] and the 3.11 Earthquake, was a magnitude 9.03 (Mw) undersea megathrust earthquake off the coast of Japanthatoccurred at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) on Friday, 11 March 2011,[2][3][11] with the epicenter approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tōhoku and the hypocenter at an underwaterdepth of approximately 32 km (20 mi).[2][12] It was the most powerful known earthquake ever to have hit Japan, and one of the five most powerful earthquakes in the world since modern record-keeping beganin 1900.[11][13][14] The earthquake triggered powerful tsunami waves that reached heights of up to 40.5 metres (133 ft) in Miyako in Tōhoku's Iwate Prefecture,[15][16] and which, in the Sendai area,travelled up to 10 km (6 mi) inland.[17] The earthquake moved Honshu (the main island of Japan) 2.4 m (8 ft) east and shifted the Earth on its axis by estimates of between 10 cm (4 in) and 25 cm(10 in).[18][19][20]
On 12 September 2012, a Japanese National Police Agency report confirmed 15,870 deaths,[21] 6,114 injured,[22] and 2,814 people missing[23] across twenty prefectures, as well as129,225 buildings totally collapsed, with a further 254,204 buildings 'half collapsed', and another 691,766 buildings partially damaged.[24] The earthquake and tsunami also caused extensive and severestructural damage in north-eastern Japan, including heavy damage to roads and railways as well as fires in many areas, and a dam collapse.[17][25] Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan said, "In the 65 yearsafter the end of World War II, this is the toughest and the most difficult crisis for Japan."[26] Around 4.4 million households in northeastern Japan were left without electricity and...