Reseach

Ethical Issues in Nursing Care
[Name of the Writer]
[Name of the Institution]

Ethical Issues in Nursing Care

Introduction
In order to identify good practices of nurses, there is an increased demand of a well-reasoned evaluation and assessment of nurse’s acts and doings which they used to conjoin with an appreciation of why and how they do it. It is ethics that enable nurses tocritically evaluate their own actions and decisions. Even the activity of nursing is itself an ethical activity as its primary objectives and aims are to perform good and well for other beings and they try to minimize or avoid the harm wherever and to what extent possible, but they achieve those aims and objectives which sometimes become a great challenge for them. Despite of learning to cope up withethical dilemmas in their re and post nursing education, some nurses yet take ethical challenges as something secluded from their day-to-day activities and roles. Thus, they usually fail to understand the effect of ethics on their practices (Moore and Savage 2002).

Discussion
An ethical dilemma is a condition in which no any solution works as fully satisfactory as it is among one of the mostdifficult practices to do by anyone. To find out solutions of this challenge, nurses have a need to apply several ethical theories and laws to determine the benefits and burdens of any kind of action.

Nursing Issues and Dilemma
The most regular and most disturbing ethical issue of nursing care has been reported by a nursing survey which included: protection of human dignity and patient’s rights,providing care to patients with minimum possible hazard to their health, informed treatments with patient’s consents, using chemical or physical restraints, staffing patterns that limits patient’s proper care, not providing quality care to patients, and poor working environment for patients.

Dealing with Ethical Conflicts
When there is a need emerged about confliction with an ethicaldilemma or any issue regarding human rights then according to the survey it has been proven nurses try to cope up with the conflict through discussion with their other peers (86.9%), and with nursing leadership of about (70.4%), but only about 47% of total nurses would think to discuss the issue with doctors, and about 41% nurses used to discuss the issue with medical professionals. Only about 5% usedto make decisions without consulting it with anyone and just about 2.3% reported that they used to cope up with the ethical issue by taking advice regarding it with Ethics Committee. However, it has also been reported that only about 38.4% of workplaces have ethic committees at their workplace for acquiring advices.

Ethical Theories
There are two vital theories for the guidance of ethicaldecision making: 1) deontological and 2) utilitarian. Some people use one theory and some uses both regarding the given circumstances. The deontological theory approach elaborates what is right by the application of ethical principles and other moral values. It does not normally vary in responding with individual situations. While the other utilitarian theory works with ethical dilemmas by examiningthe advantages and burdens of any action to seek out outcomes in greatest extent to good or right. In this theory scenario, the circumstances vary as this approach is more concerned about with the outcomes of actions rather than actions itself. If the consequences of this theory comes positive then the method of that consequence is lesser important.
Nurse are mostly involved in the circumstancesin which they are required to support parents with information about the patient as they should be aware regarding the treatment and care processes . In these kinds of scenarios, some ethical dilemmas arise for appropriately supporting families’ needs regarding patient’s care.

Current Laws & Regulations
Ethical laws are vitally significant in order to solve ethical dilemmas. Four of...