Resumen Rusia

• 1905 Revolution

• Opposition to the Tsar

Socialist
Revolutionaries Social
Democrats Liberals



Aims


− Get rid of the Tsar and his government
− To give all the land to thepeasants to farm collectively in communes − To overthrow the Tsar
− To create a Socialist state − Free elections and a parliament
− The Tsar to be a constitutional monarch
− Civil rights
Support −Peasants − Workers in cities and large towns
− Students − Middle and educated classes
− Some members of gentry



Tactics

− Propaganda to encourage revolution
− Violent acts of terrorism(responsible for the death of several important government officials) − Split over the tactics into the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks

− Mensheviks: mass organization joined by workers that would grow untilit eventually took power
− Bolsheviks: small, secret party of professional revolutionaries who would wait for the precise moment to seize power
− Meetings
− Speeches
− Discussions
− Publishingarticles and books calling for change

• Causes of the 1905 Revolution
Bloody Sunday
Tsar Nicholas II Autocratic Rule
Defeat in war with Japan
The Peasants
Opposition
The Workers
= BAD POW• Bloody Sunday
− On Sunday, 22 January 1905, when a crowd of 200,000 protesters, led by the priest Father Gapon, came to the Winter Palace to give a petition to the Tsar
− The Tsar was not in theWinter Palace. He had left St Petersburg when the first signs of trouble appeared.
− The protesters were met by a regiment of soldiers and mounted Cossacks. Without warning, the soldiers opened fireand the Cossacks charged
− The Tsar lost the respect of Father Gapon and the ordinary people of Russia

• How the Tsar crushed the revolution
− October Manifesto:
− He offered a Duma (electedparliament)
− This divided his opponents, caused delight to middle-class and made revolutionary groups suspicious
− He offered concessions and financial help to peasants
− He made peace with Japan...