The Guitar

The Guitar

Benjamin cruz
3°B

The guitar
The guitar is a musical instrument of rope touched, consisted of a wooden box, a mast on which the diapason or storage room is leaned ―generalmente with an acoustic hole in the center of the lid (mouth) ―, and six ropes. On the diapason there are incrusted the frets, which allow the different notes. Its specific name is a classic guitar, Spanishguitar, Creole guitar or acoustic guitar.
It is the instrument most used in genres like blues, rock, metal and Fleming, and it frequents enough in singer-songwriters. Also it is used in such genres like the tango, station wagons and pillions, in addition to the folklore of several countries.
It is a fundamental part of the band of pulse and spike or band of street musicians, along with thebandurria and the Spanish lute.
Instruments of the family of the guitar are the refifth one, the small guitar and the large guitar. The last one is of frequent use for the mariachi musics.
History
Origin
The origins and evolution of the guitar are not too clear, since numerous similar instruments were used in the antiquity, for what is usual to continue the trajectory of this instrument across thepictorial and sculptural representations found along the history. Archaeological evidences exist in bas-reliefs found in Alaça Hüyük (north of the current Turkey) of which concerning 1000 B.C. the hititas and Assyrians created stringed instruments similar to the lyre ―el simpler and ancient instrument of several ropes of the world ― but with the aggregation of a soundbox, therefore they would bepredecessors of the guitar. Also representations have been in drawings of the ancient Egypt that are alike an instrument similar to the guitar.
Two hypotheses exist about its origins. One of them gives him a Greek - Roman origin and affirms that he is a descendant of the fidícula and other one thinks that the guitar is an instrument introduced by the Arabs during the Moslem conquest of the Iberianpeninsula and that later it evolved in Spain. According to the first hypothesis, these instruments came up to the Greeks, who deformed lightly its name, kizára or kettarah, that in Castilian ended calling zither. This fact has given place to suppose that the guitar derives from the Greek and Roman zither, to which a handle would have been added to the beginning of our age. Many students andmusicologists attribute the arrival of the guitar to Spain by means of the Roman empire in the year 400. Another hypothesis supports that the first instrument with mast was the Arab ud, whose name the Spanish ended up by melting mistakenly with its article:« the ud» feminine turned into the masculine "lute". It was precisely the Arabs who introduced the instrument in Spain, where it evolved in accordancewith the musical tastes of the masses under Moslem domination.
In the India these instruments were known in Sanskrit language like sitar (descendant from the vineyard arranged), word that comes from two Indo-European words that would give birth to the Spanish word "guitar": the root guīt (that produced the Sanskrit words guitá: ‘song‘ (as in the Bhagavad-guitá, the ‘song of the Gentleman’), orsangīt: ‘music‘) and the root tar, that means ‘rope‘ or ‘chord‘.
Ejecutions
The guitar touches supporting the harmonic box on the lap, with the mast or diapason towards the left. This does that the most serious ropes stay above and the sharpest below.
To touch the guitar there rest the fingers of the left hand (the right for the left-handed ones) on the ropes, oppressing them against the diapasonbetween the frets just after which it will delimit the segment of rope that vibrates, so that there remains free the length corresponding to the wished musical note.
Once there has been fixed this way the length of all the ropes or of the ropes that it wants to touch, the right hand strums them, plucks or arpegia, generating a melody if it touches a sound for time, a chord if there are...