Autismo

Description of desability : Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. The diagnosticcriteria require that symptoms become apparent before a child is three years old.Autism affects information processing in the brainby altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; howthis occurs is not well understood. It is one of three recognized disorders in the autism spectrum (ASDs), the other two being Asperger syndrome, which lacks delays in cognitive development andlanguage, and pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (commonly abbreviated as PDD-NOS), which is diagnosed when the full set of criteria for autism or Asperger syndrome are not met.Statistics specifically for children : Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of autism are complex and it is unclear whether ASD is explained more by rare mutations, or by rarecombinations of common genetic variants. In rare cases, autism is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defectsControversies surround other proposed environmental causes, such as heavy metals,pesticides or childhood vaccines;the vaccine hypotheses are biologically implausible and lack convincing scientific evidenceThe prevalence of autism is about 1–2 per 1,000 people worldwide, and theCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report 11 per 1,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with ASD as of 2008. The number of people diagnosed with autism has increased dramaticallysince the 1980s, partly due to changes in diagnostic practice; the question of whether actual prevalence has increased is unresolved.
Desability-disorder: Parents usually notice signs in the first twoyears of their child's life. The signs usually develop gradually, but some autistic children first develop more normally and then regress. Early behavioral or cognitive intervention can help...