Botanica ilustrada

Janice Glimn-Lacy 6810 Shadow Brook Court Indianapolis, IN 46214-1901 USA janglimn@umich.edu

Peter B. Kaufman Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048 USA pbk@umich.edu

Library of Congress Control Number: 2005935289 ISBN-10: 0-387-28870-8 ISBN-13: 978-0387-28870-3 Printed on acid-free paper.
C 2006 Janice Glimn-Lacy andPeter B. Kaufman All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronicadaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.

eISBN: 0-387-28875-9

Printed in the UnitedStates of America. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com

(TB/MVY)

Preface
This is a discovery book about plants. It is for everyone interested in plants including high school and college/ university students, artists and scientific illustrators, senior citizens, wildlife biologists, ecologists, professional biologists, horticulturists and landscape designers/architects, engineers and medicalpractitioners, and physical therapists and their patients. Here is an opportunity to browse and choose subjects of personal interest, to see and learn about plants as they are described. By adding color to the drawings, plant structures become more apparent and show how they function in life. The color code clues tell how to color for definition and an illusion of depth. For more information, the textexplains the illustrations. The size of the drawings in relation to the true size of the structures is indicated by × 1 (the same size) to × 3000 (enlargement from true size) and × n/n (reduction from true size). The contents reflect a balanced selection of botanical subject matter with emphasis on flowering plants, the dominant plants of the earth. After a page about plant names and terms, the book isdivided into three sections. The first is an introduction to plants, showing structure and function; then, major groups, providing an overview of the diverse forms; and lastly, oneseventh of the flowering plant families, with the accent on those of economic importance. The sequence in the sections is simple to complex (cell to seed), primitive to advanced (blue-greens to flowering plants), andunspecialized to specialized (magnolias to asters and waterplantains to orchids). Where appropriate, an “of interest” paragraph lists ways these genera are relevant in our lives (categories include use as food, ornamentals, lumber, medicines, herbs, dyes, fertilizers; notice of wild or poisonous; and importance in the ecosystem). “Of interest” sections in Botany Illustrated, second edition, have beenexpanded to include many more topics of interest. Evolutionary relationships and the classification of plants have been undergoing many changes in the past two decades since the first edition. In this edition controversial categories have been eliminated allowing individuals to be exposed to current thinking on plant classification. Classification from this second edition may be found in the Index under“Fungi Kingdom” and “Plant Kingdom.” Pages on bacteria have been eliminated and two new pages on plant fossils, with accompanying illustrations, have been added. Every text page has undergone extensive revision. For those interested in the methods used and the sources of plant materials in the illustrations, an explanation follows. For a developmental series of drawings, there are several...