Ciencias

Egypt
The Arab Republic of Egypt (Arabic: جمهورية مصرالعربية Ŷumhūriyyat Misr al-ʿ Arabiyyah, pronounced in Egyptian dialect: Maṣr), is a country in the Middle East, located in the northeast corner of Africa that includes the Sinai Peninsula (which belongs to Asia). Most of its surface is part of the Sahara desert, inhabited only around oasis. Its capital is Cairo.
It is one of the mostpopulous countries in Africa and the Middle East, most of which sits on the banks of the River Nile in the delta where fertile land areas. Nearly half of Egyptians live in urban areas, especially in the densely populated centers of Cairo and Alexandria.
Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization and its monuments, like the pyramids and the Great Sphinx, the southern city of Luxor contains numerousancient artifacts, such as the Karnak Temple and the Valley of the Kings. Today Egypt is an important political and cultural center of the Middle East.
History
The Ancient Egypt
The wealth brought fertile silt behind the annual flooding of the Nile River, together with the absence of powerful people by their isolation, because the Nile Valley is located between two large desert areas, allowed thedevelopment of an early and most dazzling civilizations in the history of mankind.
The first inhabitants of Egypt, reached the banks of the Nile, then a cluster of marsh and focus of malaria, escaping the desertification of the Sahara. The first communities were living the country, and were structured regions called nomes. Over time and after times of agreements and disputes the prefectures weregrouped into two proto-nations, called the Upper and Lower Egypt around 4000 BC. C.. Egypt is unified around año3100 a. C., from the pharaoh Menes (Narmer on his Egyptian name).
History of Ancient Egypt is divided into three empires with intermediate periods of internal conflict and domination by foreign rulers. The Old Kingdom was characterized by the flourishing of the arts and the constructionof huge pyramids. During the Empire (2050-1800 BC.), Following a period of decentralization, Egypt enjoyed a period of splendor in its economy. In the Empire (1567-1085 BC.) Egyptian monarchy reached its golden age conquering neighboring villages and expanding their domains under the direction of the pharaohs of the eighteenth dynasty. The last dynasty was overthrown by the Persians in 341 a. C.,who in turn were replaced by Greek and Roman rulers, a period that began around the year 30 BC. C. as a result of the defeat of Mark Antony at the Battle of Actium, which brought seven centuries of relative peace and economic stability. From mid-fourth century, Egypt was part of the Eastern Empire, which became the Byzantine Empire.
Political organization in Egypt
The political organization ofEgyptian culture (ancient Egypt) Pharaoh's power prevailed or absolute ruler of Egypt:
Pharaoh
GOVERNMENT: The Egyptian government system is characterized as: Monarchy, absolutist and theocratic
A) Monarchist: Because the power was in the hands of a king. The term comes from the Greek monarchy monkeys: 'one', and arjéin 'government', translatable by a single government. In this single rulingmonarch or king called in ancient Egypt was known as Pharaoh.
The state also ruled by a monarch called monarchy or kingdom
b) Absolutist: Because Pharaoh met if all the powers in the kingdom or state. absolutism is a form of government in which power rests with a single person, who must obey all others, without being accountable to anyone.
c) Theocratic: Because the pharaoh was believed son orchosen of God, thus justifying his absolutism not giving to anyone but God alone, as it was considered a deity.
This type of government was responding to the ideas and interests of men who make up the religious institutional power
As support staff in the work of the kingdom Egyptian government were:
1. ROYAL SCRIBE: charge scoring all acts of government. He was a key, they were educated,...