Economia
Páginas: 3 (503 palabras)
Publicado: 13 de octubre de 2011
ARTURO DIAZ MARQUEZ
ECO. INTERNACIONAL
MI/VI 9/3
05/SEPTIEMBRE/2011
RESUMEN CAP. 6
In this chapter we will explore tariffs effects on production, consumption, prices, trade volume, andwelfare.
A tariff is a tax imposed on a good as it crosses a national boundary. Historically tariffs were most commonly used type of trade restriction, in recent years however, use of tariffs hasdeclined, and use of variety of other trade restrictions has increased.
A country might impose a tariff for any reasons. First, a tariff, like any tax, discourages consumption of a particular good, Placing atariff on an imported good makes that good relatively more costly to consumers.
A second reason for imposing a tariff, like any tax, is to generate government revenue. The third reason for imposingtariffs is to discourage imports to eliminate a balance of trade deficit. And de fourth and most common is a protectionist policy, a way to protect or insulate a domestic industry from competition byforeing producers of the same good.
Tariffs can be classified as specific or ad valorem:
* Specific. Charge an specific amount for each unit imported of the tariffed good
* Ad valorem. Chargean specified percentage of the value of the tariffed good.
A tariffs impact on production, prices, and consumption translates into an effet on the small country´s welfare.
Consumer surplus measuresthe satisfaction consumers receive form a good beyond the amount they must pay to obtain it
Producer surplus measures the revenue producers receive beyond the minimum required to induce them tosupply the good.
When foreign producers face a substantially lower quantity demand for their product , their opportunity costs of production fall, and so does the minimum price they are willing toaccept, this effect is called terms of trade effect.
The tariff rate that maximizes the net benefits to the countries is called the optimal tariff, the optimal tariff for small countries always equals...
ECO. INTERNACIONAL
MI/VI 9/3
05/SEPTIEMBRE/2011
RESUMEN CAP. 6
In this chapter we will explore tariffs effects on production, consumption, prices, trade volume, andwelfare.
A tariff is a tax imposed on a good as it crosses a national boundary. Historically tariffs were most commonly used type of trade restriction, in recent years however, use of tariffs hasdeclined, and use of variety of other trade restrictions has increased.
A country might impose a tariff for any reasons. First, a tariff, like any tax, discourages consumption of a particular good, Placing atariff on an imported good makes that good relatively more costly to consumers.
A second reason for imposing a tariff, like any tax, is to generate government revenue. The third reason for imposingtariffs is to discourage imports to eliminate a balance of trade deficit. And de fourth and most common is a protectionist policy, a way to protect or insulate a domestic industry from competition byforeing producers of the same good.
Tariffs can be classified as specific or ad valorem:
* Specific. Charge an specific amount for each unit imported of the tariffed good
* Ad valorem. Chargean specified percentage of the value of the tariffed good.
A tariffs impact on production, prices, and consumption translates into an effet on the small country´s welfare.
Consumer surplus measuresthe satisfaction consumers receive form a good beyond the amount they must pay to obtain it
Producer surplus measures the revenue producers receive beyond the minimum required to induce them tosupply the good.
When foreign producers face a substantially lower quantity demand for their product , their opportunity costs of production fall, and so does the minimum price they are willing toaccept, this effect is called terms of trade effect.
The tariff rate that maximizes the net benefits to the countries is called the optimal tariff, the optimal tariff for small countries always equals...
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