Gastritis

ABCD, arq. bras. cir. dig. vol.25 no.2 São Paulo Apr./June 2012
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-67202012000200007
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Factors associated with chronic gastritis in patients with presence and absence of Helicobacter pylori
Lissa Chamse DdineI; Charif Chamse DdineI; Cíntia Corte Real RodriguesI; Vanessa Ramos KirstenII; Elisângela ColpoII
ICourse of Nutrition of AcademicFranciscan Center - UNIFRA, Santa Maria, RS
IICourse of Nutrition, Federal University of Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
Correspondence

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Chronic gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach mucosa, which is considered its main etiological factor the Helicobacter pylori.
AIM: To observe the differences in patients with chronic gastritis as well as the presence and absence ofH. pylori, to obtain a better understanding of the etiological factors, clinical, dietary and lifestyle habits and associated diseases.
METHODS: This was a descriptive study, retrospective medical records of patients with chronic gastritis treated as outpatients. Endoscopy and research of H. pylori was used in the diagnosis of chronic gastritis. The survey was conducted through a questionnaireto ascertain the risk factors for chronic gastritis and the clinical manifestations of disease, dietary and lifestyle habits, family history of the disease, weight changes and medications. For statistical analysis was used Spearman coefficient. Data were considered statistically significant p<0.05.
RESULTS: Of the 94 patients evaluated were symptomatic with heartburn, belching, epigastricpain, fullness and nausea. In 56.6% (n = 54) of individuals was detected the presence of bacteria and in 43.6% (n = 40) was not found any specific etiologic factor. Was performed chi-square statistical test of clinical manifestations and factors such as stress and anxiety, leading to positive correlation. It became evident that the risk factors for disease are diverse, including the use of drugs,alcoholism, eating quickly, talking during meals, with significant relation to abdominal distension and reflux. The patients with the bacteria, had a higher risk of experiencing these symptoms.
CONCLUSION: Various etiological factors in eating habits and lifestyle, as smoking, alcoholism, anxiety, stress, associated diseases and inadequate nutrition, interact to the onset of clinicalmanifestations, and the presence and absence of H. pylori did not show significant changes in patient clinical status.
Headings: Gastrointestinal diseases. Nutrition. Diet therapy.

INTRODUCTION
Chronic gastritis is inflammation of stomach mucosa that has as main causal factor the Helicobacter pylori with great prevalence (about 50% in world population). Has universal distribution and increases with age10.One in each six individuals infected by it has risk of developing ulcer; 1-3% in USA and 12% in Japan have chances to develop cancer of stomach during lifetime4.
Having in view the epidemiology, the infection has a typical interpersonal standard of transmission, with intense prevalence in young people in developed countries and also in populations of low income. The index of acquisition hasdecreased in developed countries and elderly have more prevalence than the young people, due to better hygiene4,17.
The infection by Helicobacter pylori in relationship to its prevalence, varies between developed and in development countries - less us first -, but independently of regions the differences are based in socioeconomic opportunities of population11.
Its not defined exactly the reasonabout the relationship of Helicobacter pylori and gastritis; however, it is believed that is predetermined by socioeconomic factors, environmental and cultural practices, beyond genetics possible predisposition. Several studies suggest that the genetic factor has less influence that the ones related to housing6.
There are several Brazilian studies on the infection by H. pylori2,7,12. The main...