Industrial

1. CHAPTER

1. INTRODUCTION

Centrifugal pumps, as well as all the turbo-machinery, a constant angular speed around the rotating axis and the wheel is called a main element. In its simplest form the centrifugal impeller, two parallel to the disc between centripetal (radial) is obtained by placing the wings. In addition, thick disc and making one of the wheels is connected to a shaft. Asstated in the following manner, a fluid particle inside the wheel, the wheel with one hand with the speed u = rω rotates around the axis of rotation, according çarka other hand, moving with a speed wheel w leaves. peripheral speed u, w is called the relative velocity.

                               Figure 1.1. Formed at a different speed of rotating wheel.

Fluid-filled inner wheel begins torotate around the axis, under the influence of centrifugal force starts to flow out from the surface of B. Thus, E is absorbed from the surface of fluid B is printed out from the surface.

Figure 1.2 The flow in a centripetal wheel will take into consideration. Observer sees a spinning wheel with the flow, still sees the flow of media from the observer will be different. Flows in the act is aparticle inert atmosphere in a constant observer according to the owners rate the absolute speed of the wheel with the back is an observer located at the point where it deems speed relative velocity takes its name.

Absolute speed c, w and u is the total velocity vector of. w and u with the speed and direction of the intensity edges to form a rhombus. The diagonal of this rhombus, represents theabsolute velocity. If the edges of the rectangle, depending on the severity and direction of the relative velocity w, and u indicates the peripheral speed. Thus, these three form a triangle rate. The triangle on the edge of the wing, Figure 1.2 shows. Accounts, there are an infinite number of blades were too thin to act as like-minded. In this case, flow monitoring and flow of yarn was completelyone-dimensional channel is acceptable. Thus, exactly the path of fluid particles in Figure 1.2 all have the shape of the wing A1A2. Shock input in the wings since the entrance to the relative velocity is tangential. In other words, the pump room in the entrance to the tangent angle β1 and the w1 speed, the wing profile is the same direction. Similarly, the output end of the wing angle β2 which w2 withtangential velocity, the same direction. angles β1 and β2, as A2B2C2 A1B1C1 and 1.3 is obvious from the triangle. Realization of the shock as input and thus prevent the loss prompted the introduction of entry depends on the direction of the wing elements of the rate must be the same direction. Pumping wing, w2 under the terms of the relative speed of β2 ends.

 
Figure 1.2 Velocity triangle atthe wheel of

u1
u2
cu1
A1
A2
B1
C1
α1
wu2
cu2
wu1
α2
β1
β2
B2
C2
w2
c1
c2
w1
cm1
cm2
(a)
(b)
u1
u2
cu1
A1
A2
B1
C1
α1
wu2
cu2
wu1
α2
β1
β2
B2
C2
w2
c1
c2
w1
cm1
cm2
(a)
(b)

Figure 1.3 Impeller inlet and outlet velocity triangles of (a) input, (b) the rate of output triangles

Pump wheels, according to various application areas as low, mediumand high compression are designed according to the height. Figure 1.4 in the design of the pump impeller, shows how they affect the flow and pressure. Therefore, the desired print height for the different diameter wheel rotating design is possible [1,4,5].
 

Effect of flow and pressure in Figure 1.4 Impeller
Chapter 2

2. BASIC PUMP sizes and ACCOUNT DESCRIPTION

There are five sizes thatdefine a current machine. Holders of this growing field name defined size, the number of rotation, flow rate Q, Y, specific energy, and P is power efficiency η.Independent of the size of a water pump in the design of the compression height (H) and flow (Q) is chosen. Sometimes it also gives the number of return will be among [5]. This project will be held at the wheel, the desired design...