Manual C99

Rationale for International Standard— Programming Languages— C

Revision 5.10 April-2003

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Contents 0. 1. 2. 5 3. 4. 5. Introduction ............................................................................................................................1 0.1 Organization of the document......................................................................................5 Scope ......................................................................................................................................7 Normative References ............................................................................................................9 Terms anddefinitions...........................................................................................................11 Conformance ........................................................................................................................13 Environment .........................................................................................................................15 5.1 10 5.2 Conceptualmodels......................................................................................................15 5.1.1 Translation environment.................................................................................15 5.1.2 Execution environments .................................................................................17 Environmental considerations....................................................................................19 5.2.1 Character sets..................................................................................................19 5.2.2 Character display semantics ...........................................................................23 5.2.3 Signals and interrupts .....................................................................................24 5.2.4 Environmental limits......................................................................................24 Concepts .....................................................................................................................31 6.2.1 Scopes of identifiers .......................................................................................31 6.2.2 Linkages of identifiers....................................................................................32 6.2.3 Name spaces of identifiers..............................................................................34 6.2.4 Storage durations of objects............................................................................34 6.2.5 Types...............................................................................................................36 6.2.6Representations of types .................................................................................43 6.2.7 Compatible type and composite type..............................................................43 Conversions ................................................................................................................44 6.3.1 Arithmeticoperands........................................................................................44 6.3.1.6 Complex types ................................................................................................46 6.3.1.7 Real and complex ...........................................................................................46 6.3.2 Otheroperands................................................................................................48 Lexical Elements ........................................................................................................49 6.4.1 Keywords........................................................................................................50 6.4.2 Identifiers........................................................................................................50 6.4.3 Universal...