Miniproject intermediate i

MINI PROJECT “INTERMEDIATE 1”

This mini project is based on the four first units of the course, in this mini project we will work on topics such as present perfect, present perfect continue, passive voice, relative clauses while we learn about American and British cultures.

Facts to remember before starting to work

Present perfect
The present perfect simple expresses an action that isstill going on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.

Form of Present Perfect
  | Positive | Negative | Question |
I / you / we / they | I have spoken. | I have not spoken. | Have I spoken? |
he / she / it | He has spoken. | He has not spoken. | Has he spoken? |

Present Perfect Progressive or Present Continuous
We use the PresentPerfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now.
It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Present Perfect Continuous with these verbs, you must use Present Perfect.

Examples:

•Sam hasbeen having his car for two years. Not Correct
•Sam has had his car for two years. Correct

Passive Voice
The passive voice focus on the action and not on whom or what is performing the action.
Sometimes passive voice is more polite than active voice, for example;

Example: A mistake was made.
In the example above, I focus that a mistake was made but I don’t blame anyone.

Form ofPassive
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
* the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
* the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
* the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Tense |Subject | Verb | Object |
Simple Present | Active: | Rita | writes | a letter. |
| Passive: | A letter | is written | by Rita. |
Simple Past | Active: | Rita | wrote | a letter. |
| Passive: | A letter | was written | by Rita. |
Present Perfect | Active: | Rita | has written | a letter. |
| Passive: | A letter | has been written | by Rita. |
Future I | Active: | Rita | will write | aletter. |
| Passive: | A letter | will be written | by Rita. |

Relative Clauses
We use relative clauses to give additional information about something without starting another sentence. By combining sentences with a relative clause, your text becomes more fluent and you can avoid repeating certain words.

relative pronoun | use | example |
who | subject or object pronoun for people | Itold you about the woman who lives next door. |
which | subject or object pronoun for animals and things | Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof? |
which | referring to a whole sentence | He couldn’t read which surprised me. |
whose | possession for people animals and things | Do you know the boy whose mother is a nurse? |
whom | object pronoun for people, especially innon-defining relative clauses (in defining relative clauses we colloquially prefer who) | I was invited by the professor whom I met at the conference. |
that | subject or object pronoun for people, animals and things in defining relative clauses (who or which are also possible) | I don’t like the table that stands in the kitchen. |

relative adverb | meaning | use | example |
when | in/on which |refers to a time expression | the day when we met him |
where | in/at which | refers to a place | the place where we met him |
why | for which | refers to a reason | the reason why we met him |

TASK

1. The United States of America is home to a diverse population, it celebrates different holidays derived from events in US history, religious traditions, and national patriarchs.
England...