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Portuguese Grammar
Verbs
Verbs are divided into three conjugations, which can be identified by looking at the infinitive ending, one of "-ar", "-er", "-ir" (and "-or", which is present in a single verb, "por" (to put). This verb pertains, however, to the "-er" conjugation, as in past it was spoken "poner", then "poer" then "por".). Most verbs end with "-ar", such as cantar (to sing). All verbswith the same ending follow the same pattern.
In Portuguese, verbs are divided into moods:
Imperative. Used to express a wish, command or advice
Indicative. Used to express a fact
Subjunctive. Used to express a wish or a possibility

Nouns
All Portuguese nouns have one of two genders: masculine or inclusive and feminine or exclusive. Most adjectives and pronouns, and all articles indicatethe gender of the noun they reference. The feminine gender in adjectives is formed in a different way from that in nouns. Most adjectives ending in a consonant remain unchanged: homem superior (superior man), mulher superior (superior woman). This is also true for adjectives ending in "e": homem forte (strong man), mulher forte (strong woman). Except for this, the noun and the adjective mustalways be in agreement: homem alto (tall man), mulher alta (tall woman).
Pronouns
Personal pronouns
Subject pronouns: eu, você, ele-ela, nós, vocês, eles-elas
In European Portuguese você is formal "you", tu is used among relatives, friends and children. In Brazilian Portuguese tu is hardly ever used (only in regions in south and north-east parts of Brazil). In colloquial speech tu can be used with3rd person singular verbs. vós (you plural) is not usually used either, it is replaced with vocês.
Verbs with você must be in 3rd form singular, verbs with vocês must be in 3rd form plural. So usually no verbs in 2nd person singular or plural are used.

Possessive Pronouns
meu, minha, meus, minhas: mine
seu, sua, seus, suas: yours
seu, sua, seus, suas: his / hers
nosso, nossa, nossos,nossas: ours
seu, sua, seus, suas: yours
seu, sua, seus, suas: theirs
Demonstrative pronouns
Singular: este/esta (this), esse/essa (that), aquele/aquela (that)
Plural: estes/estas (these), esses/essas (those), aqueles/aquelas (those)
Comparison
The comparative
More: MAIS - Less: MENOS
do que or que = than
O tempo de hoje está mais frio (do) que o de ontem: Weather today is colderthan weather yesterday.
The superlative
Use definite article in front of superlative:
Hoje é o dia mais frio do ano: Today is the coldest this year.
Someexceptions:
bom - melhor good - better
mau - pior bad - worse
grande - maior big - bigger
pequeno - menor small – smaller

Phrases in Portuguese
In the street
- Por favor, poderia me dizer?: Could you please tell me...?
- Pode meajudar por favor?: Can you help me, please?
- Muito obrigado: Thanks a lot
- Eu lhe agradeço muito / Muito agradecida(o): I thank you so much
The Weather
- Hoje está um dia lindo: It is a lovely day!
- Faz calor / Está quente: It is hot!
- Faz frio / Está frio: It is cold
Travel & directions
- Por favor, preciso de uma passagem de ida para...: I need a single (one way) ticketto...,please
- Que horas saí o próximo ônibus?: At what time does the next bus leave to..?
- Quanto custa uma corrida de táxi ao centro da cidade?: How much does it cost a taxi to the city centre?
- Onde posso encontrar um ponto de táxi?: Where can i find a taxi-stop?
- Eu perdi minha mala/bagagem/sacola: I have lost my suitcase...
- Pode me dizer como ir a/ao...: Can you tell me how to goto...?
- Acho que estou perdido(a): I think I am lost.
In a Restaurant
- O que os senhores(as) querem comer?: What would you like to eat?
- Qual é a entrada/ prato principal/ sobremesa?: What main courses do you have?
- O menú de sobremesas, por favor: The desserts menu, please.
- Vocês têm um menú de vinhos?: Do you have wine list?
- Me traz a conta, por favor?: The bill, please....