Tabaquismo y deprecion

Tabaquismo y depresión

SUMMARY
The objective of the present work is to review updated information obout smoking and depression, bosed on a revision of Pub Med Dota Bose to find articies with the words «treatment», «smoking» and «depression» in the title, the summary, or the key words. The date of the most recent article reviewed was April of the 2008. An anolysis of these orticles wasperformed aiming to select the pertinent ones for the subject to treat in this summary. Additionol articles were selected from references found in articies identified in the origina! revision. In addition, we offer a proposition about new research directions for depression and smoking, specially treatments for those patients who hove simultaneously these disorders, since it's important to design andevaluate new treatments against tobacco smoking hobits. Treatments must have an integral approach, contemplating the psychological as well as the pharmacological intervention in order to achieve for a complete treatment. Smoking and depression constitute two important worldwide and national public health problems. Tobacco addiction is worldwide one of the main causes of deteriorotion of the quality oflife and increased morbi-mortality. It couses 5000000 deaths per year (one out of ten deaths of adults).The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that according to present tendencies, in the year 2020, smoking habits will be responsible for ten million deoths, of which, seven out of ten will take place in developing countries. For the year 2030 tobocco smoking will be the main cause of deathoround the world. In Mexico, according to the latest National Survey of Addictions, there were 14 million smokers, 9.6 million were former sómkers ond around 60000 people die every yeor due to illnesses directly related to smoking habits. In adittion, in the year 2002 the W H O informed that depression was the prevailing disorders in general population with 154012 cases, affecting primarily women(62%) (95023 cases). This disorder is already the main cause of disability in the world, with 121 million people living with the disease. The estimation for the year 2020 is that it will be the second couse of labor loss in developed countries. In Mexico, depression is one of the main causes of mortality and burden of disease nation wide. A study focused on eoriy depression in Mexican population,reported that 2.0% has suffered depression at some point during childhood or adolescence, and will present an average of seven depression episodes throughout their life. During the last years, studies have shown a strong relation between smoking and depression. Therefore, people with history of depression have a tendency to develop tobacco addiction. Also, this

kind of patients reveal animportant reduction in the severity of the depressive symptoms when consuming nicotine. In spite of the evidence of the high comorbidity between these two diseases, their treatment is generally provided from an independent perspective, making it urgent to recognize the importance of their integrate attention. In a study performed in order to determine the probability of occurrence of substancedependency disorder when affection disorders coexist, it wos reported that dependency disorders occur before the obuse or dependency of substances in 47% of men and in 26% of women, in relotion specificolly to tobocco smoking habits, it has been reported that smokers who consume more thon one pack per day hove three times more probability of presenting symptoms of depression compared to nonsmokers. it hasbeen shown that patients with depressive symptomotolgy smoke as a way of self medicotion against this disabiling diseose. Until now there is not enough information to predict if former smokers with depression can attain long term tobocco abstinence, as well as which would be are the effects produced by obstinence over depressive symptomatology. Because smokers with history of depression have a...