Thinkers Of Modern History

rTHINKERS OF MODERN HISTORY
Humanism had a great importance in the European life of that epoch and it influenced every religion in the world that had contact with the Western culture.
THOMAS MOORE: UTOPIA
In England, the most important humanist was Thomas More, author of the Utopia.
The (justice,wisdom,bravery,termperance) REPUBLIC(uthopia)kingdom

GOLD:philosophers and kingsSILVER:soldiers
BRONZE: workers

ERASMUS OF ROTTERDAM:
In Holland, centered his studies in interpretations of the Bible criticizing the Christian corruption, the superstitions and the prejudices.
Machiavello:
THE PRICE(considered the first treat of modern politics) it reflects the situations of the historical period he lived: the individualism, the rise of the national states to remain
It was dedicatedLORENZO DE MEDICI
“THE END JUSTIFIES THE MEANS”
GEORGE Berkeley “matter does not exist”
ENLIGHTMENT
Renaissance and humanism demonstrate again the apparent human nature towards knowledge and the search of the unknown
Western world lived in this time, a whole series of new artistic, ideological and technical manifestations that favored the better generalization of the new knowledge.
While theweight of tradition kept being huge, there will be new religious movements that proved that the desire of human liberation would continue.
What is the enlightment?
The Enlightenment was a philosophical movement that started in France and then passed on to Europe in the XVIII century because of the intellectual, political and tolerant ambiance which benefitted the development of Enlightenedideas.
they based themselves on REASON to explain the world they were living in and searched for TRUTH through experimental methods.
When does it start and when does it finish?
* Between the English revolution (1688) and the French revolution (1789), approximately in the space of a century, it develops an extensive movement that presents a deep change in all the orders of thought with respectto the previous centuries
3. How else is Enlightenment known? Which are the other names?
. It was called Century of the lights, or of the Illustration. THE REVOLUTION OF REASON
4. Why is this period so important in human’s history?
Because in this period the people started to use the reason and is the first time when they could be able to have their own point of view.

5. Empiricists andRationalists/ Inductive and deductive Knowledge.
Empiricism(English) | Rationalists(french) |
Experience over reason(writting,walk,ride a bike)*learn by experiences(conosimiento empirico) | Reason over experience (theories)Logic---reason-----know Atomo,celulas etc |

Inductive (best) | Deductive |
Particular to general(specifies)*describes something specific from thinks that areparticular (formula,)*todos los hombres son iguales | General to particular Specific (laws) |

6. Thomas Hobbes and the geometry, the human being is violent by nature.
who believed “all things, including human society, could be understood using principles of geometry”
Central argument was that all humans are driven by two and only two impulses: fear of death and desire for power.
7. Rousseau:Emilio, The Noble Savage, the Social Contract?
Rousseau´s most important work is the social contract that describes the relation ship of man with society.contrary to his earlier work,rousseau claimed that the state of nature is brutish condition without law or morality ,and that there are good men only a result of society presence .In the state of nature ,man Is prone to be in frequent competitionwhit his fellow men

*president

8. :Francois Marie arovet : Voltaire: He strongly criticizes the church and the nobility.
The is considerd to one of france´s greatest writer and philosopher
His humoros .
he was imprisioned in the bastille for eleven months for writing a scathing satire of the French goverment
9.john Locke; human being, nature rights, life, freedom and property
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