Trabajo Sobre El Sida (Inglés)

AIDS
AIDS
Paco Colodro Rodríguez

Possible solutions
Possible solutions
What is it?
What is it?

The 5th of June 1981 the CDC (centers for disease Control and prevention) in the USA made a conference in which they described cases of several patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, a rare case of this disease associated with a poor immune system, they discoveredshortly after this they discovered cases of Kaposi sarcoma, a type of skin cancer. The doctors knew about these diseases, but it was strange for them to see both of these diseases together in the patients, which died months after. At first they thought that the disease was related to homosexual people, as the first patients were homosexual, but then they started coming cases in which someimmigrants had the disease, as well as drug addicts and people with blood transfusions.
But in 1984, two French investigators isolated and purified the Aids virus, and in 1986 they called it HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus).
At first, as they didn’t knew how it was transmitted, people with Aids were marginalized, and even children with this disease found it difficult to find a school, as the otherkid’s mothers were worried about the disease.
Now a day it is believed that the disease comes from the SIV, which is like HIV but in the apes, and has more or less the same characteristics (HIV is a mutation from SIV)




Introduction:

The HIV virus is a virus transmitted by body fluids (in sexual relationships, by blood transfusions, in drug addict people as they use the samesyringe for everyone, or even in medical operations in poor countries in which the equipment is not sterilized), it’s genome is a RNA chain that must be copied to de DNA of the infected cell in order to grow in number and mix with the infected cell’s genome. The virus has a special type of protein in its covering that joins with the protein located in the cell membrane of certain type of cells, like theC4 lymphocytes.
When the virus finds this cell, it joins to it and releases its RNA (and other things too), into the cell’s cytoplasm, this RNA gets into the nucleus using some chemicals that the virus released in the cell and is transcripted to form a DNA, then the corrupt DNA will go into the nucleus and synthesized into proteins. In each cells thousands of viruses are created, but only someof them are able to infect other cells.

In the first stages of infection of the virus the patient shows a little flu, that last for a week, in the second part last from 8 to 10 years, and it is asymptomatic, but is when the immune system has deteriorated, when the first symptoms appear, and we call the infection AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), at this stage the disease is mortal, butnot in a direct way, as it destroys your immune system, so that even a flu can kill you, as you can’t fight it.
1 out of 100 people is infected from HIV, and 1 out of 10 patients know they are infected. The amount of people having AIDS is of 30 million people, and it is estimated to grow to 40 million in the following year.
The AIDS’ symptoms don’t appear in an homologous way, as it attacks thelymphocytes, making them useless because they can’t recognize neither fights the foreign viruses. But there are some diseases that are the most common when the patient has AIDS; they are the pulmonary diseases, certain types of skin cancer and some produced by special groups of bacteria, viruses or fungi.
The virus is located in mostly every body fluid, as blood, seminal fluid, vaginal fluid,saliva, urine and in the women’s milk; but it can only be passed with blood or sexual fluids (during the lactation, the baby might infect with the disease, but because it could bite her mother and some blood transfusion might be done, but it is not because of the breast milk.

Map showing the amount of HIV infected people

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