Genoma

Sigmund Freud |
Sigmund Freud, by Max Halberstadt, 1921 |
Born | 6 May 1856
Freiberg in Mähren, Moravia (now part of the Czech Republic), Austrian Empire |
Died | 23 September 1939 (aged 83)
London, England, UK |
Residence | Austria |
Nationality | Austrian |
Fields | Neurology
Psychotherapy
Psychoanalysis |
Institutions | University of Vienna |
Alma mater | University ofVienna |
Known for | Psychoanalysis |
Influences | Breuer, Charcot, Darwin, Dostoyevsky,Goethe, Haeckel, Hartmann, Jackson,Aristotle , Plato , Jacobsen, Kant, Mayer,Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Shakespeare,Sophocles |
Influenced | Eugen Bleuler, John Bowlby, Viktor Frankl,Anna Freud, Otto Gross, Arthur Janov,Ernest Jones, Carl Jung, Melanie Klein,Jacques Lacan, Fritz Perls, Otto Rank,Wilhelm Reich |Notable awards | Goethe Prize
Foreign Member of the Royal Society (London) |
Signature
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Sigmund Freud born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939), was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis. Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mindand the mechanism of repression, and for creating the clinical methodof psychoanalysis for investigating the mind and treatingpsychopathology through dialogue between a patient (or "analysand") and a psychoanalyst.
Freud postulated that sexual drives were the primary motivational forces of human life, developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association, discovered the phenomenon of transference in the therapeutic relationship and established itscentral role in the analytic process; he interpreted dreams as sources of insight into unconscious desires. He was an early neurological researcher into cerebral palsy, aphasia and microscopic neuroanatomy, and a prolific essayist, drawing on psychoanalysis to contribute to the history, interpretation and critique of culture.

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Early lifeSigismund Schlomo Freud was born on 6 May 1856, to Jewish Galician parents in the Moravian town of Příbor (German: Freiberg), then part of the Austrian Empire (1804–1867), now the Czech Republic. His father, Jacob Freud (1815–1896), was 41, a wool merchant, and had two children by a previous marriage. His mother, Amalié (née Nathansohn), the third wife of Jacob, was 21.[4]. He was the first of theireight children and, in accordance with tradition, his parents favored him over his siblings from the early stages of his childhood. Freud was born with a caul, which the family accepted as a positive omen.
Despite their poverty, the Freuds ensured Sigmund’s schooling and education. Due to the Panic of 1857, Freud's father lost his business, and the Freud family moved to Leipzig before settlingin Vienna. In 1865, the nine-year-old student Freud entered the  a prominent high school. He proved an outstanding pupil and graduated from the Matura in 1873 with honors. He went to the University of Vienna at 17. Freud had planned to study law, but instead joined the medical faculty at the University of Vienna to study under Darwinist Professor Karl Claus. At that time, the eel life cycle was unknownand Freud spent four weeks at the Austrian zoological research station in Trieste, dissecting hundreds of eels in an unsuccessful search for their male reproductive organs.
Freud greatly admired the philosopher Franz Brentano, known for his theory of perception, as well as Theodor Lipps, who was one of the main supporters of the ideas of the unconscious and empathy.] Brentano discussed thepossible existence of the unconscious mind in his 1874 book Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint. Although Brentano himself rejected the unconscious, his discussion of it probably helped introduce Freud to the concept. Brentano identified Thomas Aquinas as one of the earliest people to suggest the existence of the unconscious; Freud may therefore have been unknowingly siding with Aquinas on this...