Biotechnology

Biotechnology
What is Biotechnology?
At a basic level of biotechnology can be defined as a technique that uses living cells or tissue culture derived from an organism molecules such as enzymes to make or modify a product, improve a plant or animal or a microorganism developed for use with a specific purpose . A biotechnological process is the bread and beer which is based on the use of yeastcells.
The difference provided by modern biotechnology is now the man not only knows how to use cells or organisms that nature offers, but has learned to modify and manipulate them according to their needs. Biotechnology as we know it today began in the 50s with the discovery by James Watson and Francis Crick of the structure of the DNA molecule * (deoxyribonucleic acid) which is where geneticinformation is stored (the inheritance) in all beings alive. Biotechnology development for several thousand years ago when man learned to produce bread and other products such as cheese, beer and wine.
The man takes several thousands of years by changing the plants used as food. The same is true of the dozens of varieties of apples, corn, potatoes, wheat, among others.
However, geneticengineering can now carry out in a few years and controlled manner, which previously could take decades or centuries, or achieve effects that were only in the dreams of the farmers, but that was impossible with the old techniques crossing and selection.
Genetic engineering was used initially (for its high cost) to produce substances for pharmaceutical uses, such as insulin, genetically modifiedorganisms. Subsequently we obtained plants (and animals) genetically modified to improve their properties. Biotechnology products are all around us. The yogurt, beer, wine and cheese in our fridge are products of biotechnology. Hundreds of years ago, people were discovering, almost by accident, how to make use of the biological processes that occur within living cells. Without understanding the processes,could see the results. They discovered, for example, that certain microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi could produce vinegar, beer or wine when grown in large tubs. These processes were called fermentation. Through trial and error, learned to control these processes and produce large quantities of a wide range of products.
This enabled them to develop new techniques to alter or copy someof these natural processes and thus achieve a wide variety of products.

Biotechnology is simply the use of microorganisms as well as plant and animal cells to produce materials such as food, medicines and chemical products useful to humanity.
At the time that the first men realized that they could grow their own plants and raise their own animals, they learned to use biotechnology. In ancientman discovered, almost by chance, how to use the biological processes that occur continuously with living cells. Although they did not understand the process, they could observe the results.

When talking about some believe biotechnology in the improvement of livestock, others dream of unlimited resources for human therapeutic. And there are those who believe in the possibility of morenutritious crops with natural resistance to pests that feed a growing population. All this is possible. The promise of agricultural biotechnology lie in increasing productivity and reducing costs, generating innovations and improvements in food and agricultural practices lead to more 'green', to contribute, in short, sustainable agriculture, which uses the resources with respect to the environmentenvironment and without compromising future generations. This technology is based on the repetition of various processes of hybridization and selection of plants. The hybridization of two varieties or species of plants combined thousands of genes in a random process and are required in successive repetitions of selection and hybridization to obtain a new variety that incorporates all the features...