Estudiante

APA Citation
When you cite your sources, you acknowledge the hard work of other writers and researchers (otherwise you might
be accused of plagiarism). You also allow your readers to evaluate thequality of your sources, and to check if you are
interpreting them correctly. Lastly, your citations point your readers toward rich sources of information.

IN-TEXT/PARENTHETICAL
In most cases, theauthor's name and year of publication should be cited in the sentence that mentions your
information. If you use direct quotations, you should also include the page number.
Quote with no authormentioned in
sentence:

Researchers predicted, “By 2050, the amount of available fossil
fuels will decrease by 50%” (Smith, 2004, p. 55).

Quote with author mentioned:

Smith stated, “By 2050,the amount of available fossil fuels will
decrease by 50%” (2004, p. 55).

Paraphrase:

Smith (2004) warned that the availability of fossil fuels will plummet by
2050, dipping by 50%.

There areother ways to make in-text citations for different sources:
For a source with no author, write the
title (in quotation marks if a short article;
italicized if a book or chapter from a
book) anddate:

Product reviewers advised buyers to consider energy-saving
features when they purchase home appliances (“Kitchen, Bath,
and Laundry: 8 Ways to Save,” 2007).

For an essay, short story, orother
document in an anthology or edited
collection, write the author’s name and
the title of the work in your text, and
then place the date and page number
from the edited collection inparentheses:

In the essay “Challenging Dichotomies: Perspectives on
Women’s History,” Gisela Bock stated that women’s history
“requires autonomy from male-dominated scholarship” (2002,
p. 76).

Foran on-line source with an author
and date, use the author’s name and the
date:

Film critic Rene Brunwald (2000) explained how the use of sound
effects heightens viewers’ emotions.
OR
Sound...