Plc book

Programmable Logic Controllers: Programming Methods and Applications
by John R. Hackworth and Frederick D. Hackworth, Jr.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - Ladder Diagram Fundamentals Chapter 2 - The Programmable Logic Controller Chapter 3 - Fundamental PLC Programming Chapter 4 - Advanced Programming Techniques Chapter 5 - Mnemonic Programming Code Chapter 6 - Wiring Techniques Chapter 7 -Analog I/O Chapter 8 - Discrete Position Sensors Chapter 9 - Encoders, Transducers, and Advanced Sensors Chapter 10 - Closed Loop and PID Control Chapter 11 - Motor Controls Chapter 12 - System Integrity and Safety

Preface
Most textbooks related to programmable controllers start with the basics of ladder logic, Boolean algebra, contacts, coils and all the other aspects of learning to programPLCs. However, once they get more deeply into the subject, they generally narrow the field of view to one particular manufacturer's unit (usually one of the more popular brands and models), and concentrate on programming that device with it's capabilities and peculiarities. This is worthwhile if the desire is to learn to program that unit. However, after finishing the PLC course, the student willmost likely be employed in a position designing, programming, and maintaining systems using PLCs of another brand or model, or even more likely, many machines with many different brands and models of PLC. It seems to the authors that it would be more advantageous to approach the study of PLCs using a general language that provides a thorough knowledge of programming concepts that can be adapted toall controllers. This language would be based on a collection of different manufacturer types with generally the same programming technique and capability. Although it would be impossible to teach one programming language and technique that would be applicable to each and every programmable controller on the market, the student can be given a thorough insight into programming methods with thisgeneral approach which will allow him or her to easily adapt to any PLC encountered. Therefore, the goal of this text is to help the student develop a good general working knowledge of programmable controllers with concentration on relay ladder logic techniques and how the PLC is connected to external components in an operating control system. In the course of this work, the student will be presentedwith real world programming problems that can be solved on any available programmable controller or PLC simulator. Later chapters in this text relate to more advanced subjects that are more suitable for an advanced course in machine controls. The authors desire that this text not only be used to learn programmable logic controllers, but also that this text will become part of the student’spersonal technical reference library. Readers of this text should have a thorough understanding of fundamental ac and dc circuits, electronic devices (including thyristors), a knowledge of basic logic gates, flip flops, and Boolean algebra, and college algebra and trigonometry. Although a knowledge of calculus will enhance the understanding of PID controls, it is not required in order to learn how toproperly tune a PID.

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Chapter 1 - Ladder Diagram Fundamentals

Chapter 1 - Ladder Diagram Fundamentals
1-1. Objectives

Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to ” identify the parts of an electrical machine control diagram including rungs, branches, rails, contacts, and loads. ” correctly design and draw a simple electrical machine control diagram. ” recognize thedifference between an electronic diagram and an electrical machine diagram. ” recognize the diagramming symbols for common components such as switches, control transformers, relays, fuses, and time delay relays. ” understand the more common machine control terminology. 1-2. Introduction

Machine control design is a unique area of engineering that requires the knowledge of certain specific and unique...