Relaciones comerciales mexico- union europea despues de la segunda guerra mundial

The European Union-Mexico commercial relations after World War II
The historical background

The European Union consolidation

“The breakdown of the Moscow Conference on the German question after the World War II convinced the Western powers that the Soviet Union, was about to become the source of immediate danger for the Western democracies” . In 1949 right after the Second World War,the Council of Europe was founded as the International organism responsible to create common policies for development, the practice of the rule of law and the cultural cooperation, but this attempt only showed polarized national postures and showed governments in the same attempt of defending their own interests. It was only after the declaration of 9th of may 1950 when the French Government offeredto the German Government their intention of consolidate a common management in their coal and iron Industry as the first step to reconcile and create an economic foundations for economic development and integration in Europe.

The European Union is a system in which the members actively negotiated their integration process under the agreement of creating a new democratic form of government withsupranational powers. Their integration has been modified in three different times with the Treaty of Paris
(1951), the Treaties of Rome 1957 and the Single European Act in 1991, based in their common interests with a model of market expansion, higher productivity and economies of scale. With the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the economic interests were surpassed opening the possibility forextent this common interests to the political arena.

The agreements with the United States and Mexican Commercial Policy

With the beginning of the world war II, the commercial relationships between Mexico and United states became closer with the regularization of the “Pact for the mining industry”, agreement which came into force in 1943 negotiated paradoxically thanks to the belligerentposition of United States in the international context. It was agreed the mutual non-discriminatory treatment of importation and the exportation tariffs were eliminated as well as other restrictive regulations for distribution on imported merchandise. In the same way with the 1943 agreement “The United States had focused in the war economy, had access to specific goods, at the same time made possiblethat these were not available for the Axis powers” .

The agreement was cancelled in December 1950 after Mexico demanded the inclusion of ad valorem tariffs and the incorporation of importation licenses to reduce economic disparities. The interest of United States in the reconstruction of Europe and the reduction of Soviet Union spheres of influence was another reason to reduce importance tothe agreements with Mexico. The following years Mexico found the solution to its situation implementing a system of substitution of importations but also looking for strategic alliances to reduce the impact of the commercial dependency relations with the United States.

The consolidation of the European Union and Mexico Relationships

The European Integration process was not unnoticed byMexico, country strategically connected to North and South America with access to the Atlantic and Pacific Sea. The initial relation between Mexico and European Union dates back to 1960, when Mexico was authorized to establish a permanent mission in Brussels. Fifteen years after, Mexico negotiated a second generation treaty linking not only commercial relations, but creating a special committee incharge of the formulation of recommendations.

The official relationships are prescribed in accordance to the trade agreement of 1975 which formalized the bilateral commercial relationship. This treaty with 13 articles proposed to incentivize the foreign investment and technology transfer. The Mexican policy of that time, based on rapid industrialization and a substitution of exportations model,...