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ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE CHART

SIMPLE PRESENT, SIMPLE PAST and SIMPLE FUTUREThe active object becomes the passive subject.am/is/are + past participlewas/were + past participlewill + be + past participleis/are going to be + past participle |
Simple Present Active:The movie fascinates me. The movie bores Jack. The movie surprises them. | Simple Present Passive:I am fascinated by the movie.Jack is bored by the movie. They are surprised by the movie. |
Simple Past Active:The movie bored me. The movie fascinated Jack. The movie surprised them. | Simple Past Passive:I was bored by the movie. Jack was fascinated by the movie. They were surprised by the movie. |
Future with WILL Active:I will mail the gift.
Jack will mail the gifts. | Future with WILL Passive:The gift will bemailed by me.
The gifts will be mailed by Jack. |
Future with GOING TO Active:I am going to make the cake.
Sue is going to make two cakes. | Future with GOING TO Passive:The cake is going to be made by me.
Two cakes are going to be made by Sue. |
PRESENT and PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE)
Passive form:
am/is/are + being + past participle
was/were + being + past participle |
PresentContinuous Active:I am helping Shannon.
June is helping Su and Ling. | Present Continuous Passive:Shannon is being helped by me.
Su and Ling are being helped by June. |
Past Continuous Active:I was cleaning the bathroom.
They were cleaning the bedroom.
Susan was cleaning the kitchen and patio. | Past Continuous Passive:The bathroom was being cleaned by me.
The bedroom was being cleanedby them.
The kitchen and patio were being cleaned by Susan. |
PRESENT PERFECT, PAST PERFECT and FUTURE PERFECT
Passive form:
have/has been + past participle
had been + past participle |
Present Perfect Active:I have mailed the postcard. Jason has mailed the postcards. | Present Perfect Passive:The postcard has been mailed by me. The postcards have been mailed by Jack. |
PastPerfect Active:Steven Spielberg had directed the movie.
Penny Marshall had directed those movies. | Past Perfect Passive:The movie had been directed by Steven Spielberg.
The movies had been directed by Penny Marshall. |
Future Perfect Active:John will have finished the project next month.
They will have finished the projects before then. | Future Perfect Passive:The project will havebeenfinished by next month.
The projects will have been finished before then. |
PRESENT/FUTURE MODALSThe passive form follows this pattern:modal + be + past participle |
WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT) Active:Sharon will invite Tom to the party. Sharon won't invite Jeff to the party. (Sharon will not invite Jeff to the party.) | WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT) Passive:Tom will be invited to the party by Sharon. Jeffwon't be invited to the party by Sharon. (Jeff will not be invited to the party by Sharon.) |
CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT) Active:Mai can foretell the future. Terry can't foretell the future. (Terry can not foretell the future.) | CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT) Passive:The future can be foretold by Mai. The future can't be foretold by Terry. (The future can not be foretold by Terry.) |
MAY / MAY NOT andMIGHT / MIGHT NOT Active:That company may offer Katya a new contract. That company might offer Katya a new contract. The lazy students may not do the homework. The lazy students might not do the homework. | MAY / MAY NOT andMIGHT / MIGHT NOT Passive:Katya may be offered a new contract.
Katya might be offered a new contract. The homework may not be done by the lazy students.
The homework mightnot be done by the lazy students. |
SHOULD / SHOULDN'T Active:Students should memorize English verbs. Children shouldn't smoke cigarettes. | SHOULD / SHOULDN'T Passive:English verbs should be memorized by students. Cigarettes shouldn't be smoked by children. |
OUGHT TO Active:Students ought to learn English verbs. (negative ought to is rarely used) | OUGHT TO Passive:English verbs ought to...