Socrates

Socrates (470-399a.C.), Greek philosopher, founder of moral philosophy, or axiology that has had great weight in Western philosophy for his influence on Plato. Born in Athens, son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, and Phaenarete, a midwife (which has resulted in any comparison between the trade from his mother and his philosophical activity, it helped with his method, to "give birth" to ideas)received a traditional education in literature, music and gymnastics. Later, he became familiar with the rhetoric and dialectics of the Sophists, the speculations of the Ionian philosophers and the general culture of Periclean Athens. Unlike the Sophists, Socrates tries to overcome relativism and achieve an absolute truth that might support personal ethics and political organization of society. Thesegoals this; oriented teaching, which aims to guide people in the pursuit of goodness and justice, convinced that virtue can be taught. We all know that this broke many schemes and obviously lost his life for his beliefs. Yet this never abandoned but was firm and faithful unto death. Being so this left us a great legacy, and most importantly, there is nothing in the writings but I leave his legacy andhis disciples were those who taught his legacy, as Socrates could not read or write. And yet it was considered the wisest man in is time though many would not accept it. Unlike many who thought they were wise, they thought as they considered wise and had reached the top. Socrates believed that the more I learned, the less wise and realized that I needed to learn and had many hidden things. Sotheir slogan that said, "I know that I know nothing." In fact the same term thinking it was wise when they called asking these wise and they boasted of their wisdom. It was there he discovered that if he was wise, because he says it is the wise person who discovers that he knows something, but realizes that there is something he does not know, and that there are other dimensions to explore that hasknown. The goal of Socrates was to educate the man through a continuous exercise in search of the good, in the city, could be none other than the common good, justice. The Greek tradition had taught aristoi heroes were the best. But the excellent qualities they possessed were due to birth, to special gifts of the gods. With the new social change taking place in the V century and the values ​​ofdemocracy, the question arises of whether virtue can be learned, as we learn mathematics. This approach, in line with the world of the Sophists, who taught rhetoric to persuade and convince others, Socrates modulated in a new morality. An independent moral tradition and to be built on the basis of solidarity and, above all, of rationality. Intelligence, good sense and harmony of desires are the basisof this "ethical wisdom" lifted from the concrete experience of men. Therefore, a foundation under whose rationality can therefore taught.
Socrates was focused on the problems of man, like the Sophists, but unlike them, he knew getting to the bottom of the question, as to admit that he was wise in this regard stressing: "For the truth, and no another reason I've earned this name, if not becauseof a certain wisdom. And what is this wisdom? Such wisdom is precisely human wisdom (ie, one that can take the man on man): and with this wisdom is truly possible for me to be wise. " What is the nature and ultimate reality of man? What is the essence of man? These are the questions that Socrates tries to answer. Finally you arrive at a precise and unambiguous answer: the man is his soul, sincethe soul is precisely what specifically distinguishes it from anything else. Socrates understood our reason and soul of our business headquarters and ethical thinking. In short: the soul is for Socrates the conscious self, that is, consciousness and intellectual and moral personality. In turn Socrates identified virtue with knowledge: you can not do right if not known, but it is impossible not to...